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Which of the following conditions is most associated with defects in sulfur amino acid metabolism?

  1. Allergic rhinitis

  2. Neurodegenerative diseases

  3. Osteoarthritis

  4. Type 2 diabetes

The correct answer is: Neurodegenerative diseases

Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's, are most commonly associated with defects in sulfur amino acid metabolism. Allergic rhinitis, osteoarthritis, and type 2 diabetes may have other underlying causes and are not directly linked to sulfur amino acid metabolism.