NANP Board Practice Exam

Which dietary inhibitors can reduce the activity of enzymes COX1 and COX2 in the AA cascade?

1. Ginger and turmeric

2. Olive oil and sunflower oil

3. Calcium and magnesium

4. Iron and zinc

The correct answer is: Ginger and turmeric

Ginger and turmeric are known for their anti-inflammatory properties, primarily due to their active compounds, such as gingerol in ginger and curcumin in turmeric. These compounds have been shown to inhibit the activity of cyclooxygenase enzymes COX1 and COX2, which play a crucial role in the arachidonic acid cascade, responsible for producing inflammatory mediators. By reducing the activity of these enzymes, ginger and turmeric can help mitigate inflammation and provide relief from conditions such as arthritis or other inflammatory diseases. The other options, while having various health benefits, do not have a well-established mechanism of action regarding the inhibition of COX enzymes specifically in the context of the arachidonic acid pathway. Olive oil and sunflower oil are primarily sources of fats, which enjoy a reputation for health benefits, particularly in cardiovascular health, but they don't have a direct inhibiting effect on COX1 and COX2. Calcium and magnesium are essential minerals that play numerous roles in the body, including muscle function and bone health, but they do not exert significant influence over COX enzyme activity. Iron and zinc are important trace elements involved in various biochemical processes and immune function, yet they are not recognized for any effects on the COX enzymes within the ara