NANP Board Practice Exam

What inhibits fatty acid synthesis?

1. Omega 3 fatty acids

2. PUFAs (polyunsaturated fatty acids)

3. Saturated fats

4. Trans fats

The correct answer is: PUFAs (polyunsaturated fatty acids)

The inhibition of fatty acid synthesis is notably influenced by polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). These fatty acids play a crucial role in various metabolic processes, including the regulation of gene expression and enzyme activity involved in lipid metabolism. PUFAs, particularly omega-3 fatty acids, have been shown to downregulate the expression of genes responsible for fatty acid synthesis, leading to decreased production of fatty acids in the body. In contrast, other types of fats such as saturated fats and trans fats do not exhibit this same modulatory effect on fatty acid synthesis. Saturated fats, for instance, can support the pathways that promote fatty acid production, while trans fats have been associated with negative health effects but do not directly inhibit the synthesis process. Omega-3 fatty acids, as a specific type of PUFA, are particularly known for their health benefits and influence on metabolic pathways but are encompassed within the broader categorization of polyunsaturated fatty acids. This connection highlights the significance of dietary fat composition in metabolic health, demonstrating how the quality of fats—as found in PUFAs—can influence bodily functions such as fatty acid synthesis.