NANP Board Practice Exam

What effect do trans-fatty acids have on health?

1. Negative impact on serum lipid levels and cell membrane function

2. Promote anti-inflammatory eicosanoid synthesis

3. Increase fluidity of cell membranes

4. Enhance the beneficial effects of vitamins

The correct answer is: Negative impact on serum lipid levels and cell membrane function

Trans-fatty acids have been shown to have a negative impact on serum lipid levels and cell membrane function. These unhealthy fats, often found in partially hydrogenated oils, can raise levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, which is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. At the same time, trans fats can lower levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, the "good" cholesterol. This dual effect on cholesterol levels leads to an unfavorable lipid profile, increasing the risk of atherosclerosis and heart-related diseases. Furthermore, trans-fatty acids can disrupt the structure and function of cell membranes, as they alter the fluidity and permeability of these membranes. This disruption can lead to impaired cellular communication and function, thereby contributing to various health issues. Understanding these effects underscores the importance of minimizing trans fat intake for maintaining overall health and promoting optimal lipid levels.